TCP/IP NETWORKING MANAGEMENT

• /etc/hosts, /etc/sysconfig/network, /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX
• ifconfig, ifconfig ethX up, ifconfig ethX down, ifup ethX, ifdown ethX
• IP aliasing
• ping –c –a x.x.x.x
• IP classes :
• A – 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
• B – 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
• C – 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
• Subnetting and subnet masks
• CIDR: Classless Inter-Domain Routing
• TCP/IP layers –

• Applications – FTP, HTTP, SSH. EU-Apps
• Transport [TCP,UDP] – Delivery of data to apps. Uses segments.
• Network [IP,ICMP] – Basic comm, H/W, routing. Uses packets.
• Link [ARP, DevDrvrs] – NW H/W, devdrvs. Uses frames.
• Physical – Copper Wires, physical medium, cables, Ethernet, Optical fibres, FDDI, ATM, IPX/SPX, Token ring

• MTU and fragmentation
• 6-byte MAC addresses and "http://www.iana.org/assignments/ethernet-numbers for the first 3 bytes.
• 4-byte quad-dot, IP addrs, virtual Loopback addr,Ports, /etc/services, sockets, Privileged and Well-known ports
• Address types –
• Unicast – addrs that refer to a single host [NIC actually]
• Multicast – addrs that identify a group of hosts [224 to 239] Good for videoconferencing
• Broadcast – addrs that include all the hosts on the local network
• Routing – Routing Tables, ICMP redirects
• Static routing
• /etc/sysconfig/static-routes : eth0 net 192.168.0.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.10
• netstat -r, netstat –rn
• The destination is a NW address
• The gateway must be a host address of a m/c which specifies that pkts must be sent to it to reach the destination address.

• Gateway is the default route
• Configuring static routes
• route add –net 192.168.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.10 eth1
• route add default gw 192.168.0.10 eth0
• /etc/sysconfig/network : GATEWAY=x.x.x.x and the default route
• Local DNS and name resolution : and /etc/host.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf
• Dynamic routing – routed, gated
• ICMP redirects
• ARP – The Addr resolution protocol
• mii-tool – Configuring autonegotiation and other media-specific options
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• Network Interfaces Config tools :

• netconfig
• netconf
• netcfg
• redhat-config-network
• neat
• neat-tui
• neat-control
• redhat-config-network-cmd
• redhat-config-network-druid